Korean Popular Culture and Its Influence in India - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2426 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Culture Essay Level High school Tags: Pop Culture Essay Did you like this example? Popular culture is something that keeps on changing from time to time. Every one of us have a different understanding of the term popular culture. Scholars and ordinary men both have a tremendous confusion over the term and its definition. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Korean Popular Culture and Its Influence in India" essay for you Create order Since 1980s historians of the neo-Marxist cultural school of thought believes popular culture is the study of post-industrial commercial phenomenon. Stuart Hall broadly classifies popular culture as a phenomenon that grew 1880 onwards. Mostly it is believed that following the technological breakthrough in 1920s and the launch of the radio system, millions of people were listening to music over radio and even were buying records. Thereafter since 1930s the music bands became an integral part of the western popular culture. Around 1970s the Hip-hop culture spread over parts of New York. So, popular culture is an umbrella term that originated in a western society. To keep it simple popular culture in modern days can be broadly defined as a set of beliefs, practices and cultural phenomenon that are dominant in any society during a certain period. Although the concept and term originated in the west but due to various factors it spread over the world. Popular culture is quite vast since there are local pop-cultures of every region or country and now there is a development of pop-music and hip-hop culture around the globe (that is of western origin). In this regard it is important to note what Anny Bennet says, that rock represents one of the many neo-tribes that make up contemporary youth culture. That include hip-hop, house music, bhangra, teen pop and so on. Just to dig in a little deeper we can talk about Will Straw who said Heartland Rock has eclipsed. eartland Rock is a kind of guitar-based music of the 1960s.Therefore we can easily understand popular culture is a process that evolves with time and space. Tony Bennett considers: The concept of popular culture is virtually useless, a melting pot of confused and contradictory meanings capable of misdirecting inquiry up any number of theoretical blind alleys. There is no proper or static definition of popular culture and hence Holt N. Parker describes it as pornography since according to him we may not be able to define it, but we know it when we see it. The purpose of this paper although is not to look for definitions of popular culture rather to talk about the Korean popular culture at large and how it has influenced Indian people. To a limited extent, the influence of Indian popular culture such as Bollywood in Korea shall also be discussed based on the survey that has been conducted to give a real assumption of Indo-Korean cultural influences. The Korean culture is quite similar in many ways with that of India. The countries were connected since 4th C.E. and the bedrock of the relationship was Buddhism. The two countries were also connected through indirect trade routes such as the well-known Silk Route. Moreover, ancient Korean marriage rituals were similar to that of Indian marriage rituals. At a time when the conservative countries like that of Taliban in Afghanistan and the Hindu nationalist in India wanted to shift back to the so called golden old days, the Asian Tiger Economies looked forward for new arenas to make a come b ack from the economic and social crisis. So much so the government helped the media and cultural industry to flourish and the results are visible in the present when even Indian population is demanding Korean bands like BTS to perform in India and watching Korean dramas extensively. The Koreans modelled their media industry in the format of Hollywood and taking it to its zenith that would not have been possible if the State did not help the industry. The Korean wave popularly called as Hallyu is the beginning of a new era of k-pop culture. To talk about the influence of k-pop culture in India, we should take a note that Manipur have a close connection with the Korean culture since over a decade. It is largely because in September 2000 the RPF (Revolutionary Peoples Front) banned Bollywood movies and songs in Manipur. Thus, the pirated versions of Korean drama and music flowed into the region and to such an extent that every household watched Korean movies. The popularity of Korean culture in the north-east soon led the local TV channels to air Korean dramas and music shows. Two such examples of local channels are Arirang TV and KBS and in 2008 the very first Indo-Korea music festival also took place in Nagaland. Therefore, we can surely say the Korean influence is increasing in India not only in the north east but to other regions as well such as Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, etc. This is because when the youngsters travel to other parts of the country they carry the Korean culture along with them. Further a fact that Chen nai hosts the maximum number of Koreans in India resembles a close interaction between the two Nations and thereby its cultures. Jeongmee Kim considers the success of the Korean wave in the parts of Asia at large because of the scenes of love and intimacy are portrayed with playfulness and innocence. On the other hand the author believes Korean popular culture could attract a larger audience because of its inclusive nature among the youth. A news report states apart from the cultural affinity, there is the refreshingly different content. Korean TV dramas are not about scheming mothers-in-laws. This difference in themes can be another good reason for the growth of Korean audience in India. Moving on, classical music of any country is the opposite of a popular culture. India is known world wide for its classical dances and music. Though it is gaining popularity but it cannot accommodate all due to its rigid nature. While, it is largely seen as a form of worship, the popular music or say Korean hip-hop dance does not bind anybody to strict rules. One does not have to know the nine Rasas, mudras or the different ragas to enjoy the popular culture. Hence, the outcome of such exclusiveness is the youth accepting Korean popular culture happily along with Bollywood culture. So much so at times there takes place an exchange of ideas and culture between the two and that is how the peppy numbers come into the market which shall be discussed further towards the end. Pleasure study is a recent phenomenon. So far, we have focussed more on the artist and no other attributes like how it connects peoples heart and soul. Music aims to become a total sameness throughout the world. It is a melody that can cross boundaries easily. Kalika Prasad Tiwari also talks about the Ananda aspect that means pleasure seeking is the sole motivation of popular culture like the classical culture. One big reason for the spread of popular culture in general is globalization. Paul Gilroy in 1993 emphasizes that popular music can no longer be contained with in a single national tradition. It is interesting to note here that two important elements of pop-music are reggae and rap which can forge easily with the trans local diasporic communities. Paul says it is about the movement of peoples than the globalization of music itself. RISING OF K-POP IN INDIA In the recent years we can see a rise in the k-pop culture in India. More and more people are getting aware of Korean culture. One of the major contributors is the media. It is through specific media channels that Korean culture in India is spreading. To justify the above point let us investigate a couple of news articles and study the survey that has been conducted to trace the growth of Korean popular culture in India. Prof Sanjay Kumar in his article Incredible India and Inspiring Korea in 21st Century talks about how subtitles have made it easy for viewers worldwide to understand Korean songs and dramas. We should consider the point that popular culture includes movies, literature and other forms of art and not just music and dance. Sanjay Kumar who is a research professor in the republic of Korea although explains the growth of popular culture mostly in Philippines and other Asian countries excluding India but the point he made is quite relevant for India as well. Subtitles have made it possible to understand and enjoy Korean shows as equal to Bollywood and other regional cultural shows. Times of India in 2012 came out with an article that describes about the Korean wave through the youths perspective (including teenagers). According to the article, Korean wave is a term that was coined in mid-1999 and teenagers in the modern day are followers of Korean superstars like Jinyoung and Minwoo. In an article in YOUTH KI AWAZ, Rhythm Sachdeva gives explanation about the popularity of Korean drama and culture in India. She says In my humble opinion, showcasing of Korean dramas will bolster the sense of brotherhood. It will act as a catalyst in breaking myths of people about the north easterners where Korean fashion and culture is prevalent. Thus, it will prove to be a humongous step in abolishing racism in India. Sheila Kumar an enthusiastic research journalist wrote an article wherein she describes a growth of serious fans or followers of Korean artists in Indi a who even dress like them. The popularity of Korean language classes and food have also increased due to such adaptation of culture by a substantial number of Indian youth. It is through a survey again the author brings in light the popularity of pop culture in India is on the rise unlike before. A comment worth noting made by one of her interviewers who is a high school student goes like they dont show anything negative because children my age or younger will be watching them. This shows the unique feature of Korean dramas. Her article also laid emphasis on the role of media and television including internet that has geared the communication and created a platform for exchange of a culture worldwide. Moreover, if we look closely the influence of k-pop culture has created a business platform. For example, the food industry that include restaurants and cafes. There are several restaurants which serve Korean food, play Korean popular music and follow Korean customs across India. All of it is nothing but influence of Korean culture. A very recent article published in 2017 explains Indian version of Rolling Stones interview with South Korean band called BTS and how the overwhelming response resulted in a server crash. People took their messages to twitter, Facebook and other social media platforms letting the world know about their likes. Right after this event on 16th September,2017 channel VH1 launched K-Poppd dedicated to only k-pop music for the very first time. Army of immortals- a group of boys from the north east won the hip-hop dance competition in the K-pop world festival held in south-Korea further taking this culture forward in India. The article states the reason behind the fan base in a non-Korean speaking country is because of South-Koreas foreign policy, a local radical left-wing insurgency and the rise of social media. The key factor that abets the popularity of Korean Wave is the cultural proximity of Korean and Manipuri societies, says a 2008 paper, written by research scholars Dr Otojit Kshetrimayum and Ningombam Victoria Chanu, referring to ethnic and cultural links between the region and China and South-East Asia. So much so that it is not difficult to find fans imitating similar dressing and hair styles in the north-east region of our country. It seems 2017 onwards the popularity of Korean culture is rising at a faster pace in India. Hindu suggests it was the airing of DOTS (Descendants of the Sun) on Zee Zindagi channel that led to a gradual growth of Indian audience. Archana Anand told Hindu about the unit being sceptical launching Korean shows but the overwhelming response made them introduce more such shows. Not only this, requests came in from Indian audience for Korean bands to perform in India. In the top of the list was BTS followed by several others who are equally famous like EXO an d EXID. CONCLUSION A survey was conducted specially to come to a conclusion regarding the influence of Korean culture in India (Indian people were asked to fill out the forms and total responses got are 60). A couple of Korean people have been interviewed who reside in the Christ campus in order to get some information about the spread of Bollywood culture in Korea. To begin with,73.3% of the total number of people whose response have been collected through google forms have heard about the term popular culture in general and a number of definitions came out about popular culture. They all agree that it is the culture of the mass. The way of living dressing style, food habits, slangs, songs, music, dance drama all of these of the common people. More than 50 percent of the people are familiar with Korean popular culture and more than 40% of them hear Korean listen to Korean music and another 18.3% are interested. If we combine people who think and people who are confirmed that Bollywood also have used similar techniques or rhythm in making its songs then it goes up as high as 80%. It seems Korean drama is also quite popular in India since 46.7% of the people who responded have replied with a yes and 13.3% are interested in watching them. Names apart from BTS band that came out in the process from the survey are EXO, BOA, Yin, Big Bang, 2NE1, Shinee, Lee Min-ho, Park Jimim, Soong Joon ki, etc. Most people are aware of the hip-hop culture of Korea as well. Through the survey it is also confirmed that one can easily enjoy music without understanding the language. Last but not the least 93.3% of the people responded that they have heard and danced to Gangnam Style song which of course a Korean production. While we can see Korean popular culture has a considerable influence in India in respect to that Indian culture is not that popular in Korea although Choe Hyeon a Korean student studying masters in Christ college (registration id:1947222), main campus replied Three Idiots and Danga l and Indian curry are quite popular in Korea. Therefore, to conclude culture is fluid and does not abide by the physical boundary of the states. If we talk about Indo-Korea relationship then definitely the two countries are coming closer with the passage of time accepting, adopting and appreciating each others cultures.

Symptoms And Diagnosis Of Antenatal Depression - 813 Words

Answers to the questions can result in scores of 0 to 30, with depression indicated at a cut-off score of ≠¥10 in postpartum studies (Cox, Holden, Sagovsky, 1987). It is considered highly reliable for postpartum screening with a sensitivity of over 90% and a specificity between 77% and 88% (Chaudron et al., 2010). The EPDS is considered a more effective tool in antenatal screening compared to other recognized depression screening instruments such as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) or the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)(Freed, Chan, Boger, Tompson, 2012). In Bergink’s et al research, the EPDS proved to yield high rates of sensitivity and specificity in determining antenatal depression during specific†¦show more content†¦Following diagnosis via the EPDS, obstetrical providers can decide if outside referral or depression reassessment at a further prenatal visit is appropriate. Treatment Depression is a treatable condition, and there are treatment standards in place for pregnant women(Choate Gintner, 2011). Currently, the treatment of antenatal depression consists of prescription medication and psychotherapy (Yonkers, Vigod, Ross, 2011), and â€Å"alternative† treatments including vitamin or herbal supplements, acupuncture, exercise, or massage therapy (Deligiannidis Freeman, 2013). Treating antenatal depression often poses a dilemma for both the specialist and the patient. For the specialist, the risk of prescribing medication has to equate with the risk of any potential iatrogenic harm to the fetus (Ververs, van Dijk, Yousofi, Schobben, Visser, 2009). While there are guidelines in place for the prescribing of medications to a pregnant patient (Howland, 2009), not many obstetrical specialists feel confident in their own ability to treat a psychiatric illness (Hill, Greenberg, Holzman, Schulkin, 2001). Research documenting the effects of anti depressant use during pregnancy has revealed that the medicines themselves may induce preterm birth

Season and Scientific Aspect Free Essays

Essay I started fasting in Navratri only 2 years ago and continued keeping it for both the seasons. I was more interested in the scientific aspect of fasting, i. e. We will write a custom essay sample on Season and Scientific Aspect or any similar topic only for you Order Now during the period of season change human body is more prone to external infections than rest of the year. Also praying to â€Å"shakti†, the power or energy which is source of all the actions and is best represented by solar influences is not only part of Hinduism but every religion believes in it. So this exercise of fasting, for me, is to maintain both physical and mental balance during climate change. The rules of Navratri clearly say that, we should not consume meat, alcohol, grains and regular salt. I always take enough calories which can keep me going all day, so I don’t feel any difference from other days. There come few moments of weaknesses when I can feel that my stomach is empty and I can’t have anything to eat (because I don’t have access to kitchenL) and when I want to eat something â€Å"chatpata† and again I can’t have it(because I am not allowed to L) . Most difficult of all is 8th day when it seems impossible to go on anymore and that too in a place where everyone else can eat pizza and chili potato. The people around you also affect a lot about how you feel in these days. It’s a lot easier to keep fast when I am at home. In a nutshell, 9 days of navratri are more about self control. The human body is detoxified due to this practice. In the end when it is over I can feel significant changes, I feel good because it becomes easier to avoid unhealthy meals. Basically this exercise is effective in long term. How to cite Season and Scientific Aspect, Papers

Cases harvad free essay sample

In September 1976 William Jaeger, a member of the partnership that owned Freemark Abbey Winery, had to make a decision: should he harvest the Riesling grapes immediately, or leave them on the vines despite the approaching storm? A storm just before the harvest is usually detrimental, often ruining the crop. A warm, light rain, however, will sometimes cause a beneficial mold, botrytis cinerea, to form on the grape skins. The result is a luscious, complex sweet wine, highly valued by connoisseurs. The Winery Freemark Abbey was located in St. Freemark Abbey’s grapes came from an ideal climate in the central and southern parts of the valley. Winemaking Wine is produced when the fruit sugar, which is naturally present in the juice of grapes, is converted by yeast, through fermentation, into approximately equal molecular quantities of alcohol and carbon dioxide. Sparkling wines excepted, the carbon dioxide is allowed to bubble up and dissipate. We will write a custom essay sample on Cases harvad or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The wine then ages in barrels for one or more years until it is ready for bottling. By various decisions during vinification—for example, the type of wooden barrel used for aging—the winemaker influences the style of wine produced. The style adopted by a particular winery depends mainly on the owners’ preferences, though it is influenced by marketing considerations. Usually, as the grapes ripen, the sugar levels increase and the acidity levels Professor William Krasker prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright  © 1980 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call 1-800-545-7685 or write Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Harvard Business School. 1 This document is authorized for use only in Introducci? n a la administraci? n (Iouri Gorbanev) 2014 by Ana Carmenza Neira from January 2014 to July 2014. 181-027 Freemark Abbey Winery decrease. The winemaker tries to harvest the grapes when they have achieved the proper balance of sugar and acidity for the style of wine sought. The ripening process is variable, however, and if the weather is not favorable, the proper balance might never occur. Several different styles of Riesling (more accurately, Johannisberg Riesling) are on the market. If the grapes are harvested at 20% sugar, the wine is fermented â€Å"dry† (all the sugar is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide) or â€Å"near dry. † The resulting wine, at about 10% alcohol, is light bodied. If the grapes are harvested at 25% sugar, the winemaker can produce a wine with the same 10% alcohol but with 5% residual sugar; this wine is sweet and relatively full bodied. A third and rare style results when almost-ripe Riesling grapes are attacked by the botrytis mold. The skins of the grapes become porous, allowing water to evaporate while the sugar remains. Thus, the sugar concentration increases greatly, sometimes to 35% or more. The resulting wine, with about 11% alcohol and 13% residual sugar, has extraordinary concentration, and the botrytis itself adds to the wine’s complexity. Freemark Abbey had already produced a botrytised Riesling from its 1973 vintage. Jaeger’s Decision Problem From the weather reports, Jaeger concluded that there was a fifty-fifty chance that the rainstorm would hit the Napa Valley. Since the storm had originated over the warm waters off Mexico, he thought there was a 40% chance that, if the storm did strike, it would lead to the development of the botrytis mold. If the botrytis did not form, however, the rainwater, which would be absorbed into the grapes through the roots of the vines, would merely swell the berries by 5-10%, decreasing their concentration. This would yield a thin wine that would sell wholesale for only about $2. 00 per bottle, about $0. 85 less than Jaeger could obtain by harvesting the notquite-ripe grapes immediately and eliminating the risk. Freemark Abbey always had the option of not bottling a wine that was not up to standards. It could sell the wine in bulk, or it could sell the grapes directly. These options would bring only half as much revenue, but would at least avoid damaging the winery’s reputation, which would be risked by bottling an inferior product. If Jaeger decided not to harvest the grapes immediately in anticipation of the storm, and the storm did not strike, Jaeger would probably leave the grapes to ripen more fully. With luck, the grapes would reach 25% sugar, resulting in a wine selling for around $3. 50 wholesale. Even with less favorable weather, the sugar levels would probably top 20%, yielding a lighter wine selling at around $3. 00. Jaeger thought these possibilities were equally likely. In the past, sugar levels occasionally failed to rise above 19%. Moreover, while waiting for sugar levels to rise, the acidity levels must also be monitored. When the acidity drops below about 0. 7%, the grapes must be harvested whatever the sugar level. If this happened, the wine would be priced at only about $2. 50. Jaeger felt that this event had only about . 2 probability. The wholesale price for a botrytised Riesling would be about $8. 00 per bottle. Unfortunately, the same process that resulted in increased sugar concentration also caused a 30% reduction in the total juice. The higher price was therefore partly offset by a reduction in quantity. Although fewer bottles would be produced, there would be essentially no savings in vinification costs. The costs to the winery were about the same for each of the possible styles of wine and were small relative to the wholesale price. 2 This document is authorized for use only in Introducci? n a la administraci? n (Iouri Gorbanev) 2014 by Ana Carmenza Neira from January 2014 to July 2014. Freemark Abbey Winery 181-027 Winery Label 3 This document is authorized for use only in Introducci? n a la administraci? n (Iouri Gorbanev) 2014 by Ana Carmenza Neira from January 2014 to July 2014.